Development of a Blockchain-based Decentralized Application with Nft for Land Registration

Abstract

Land registration in Indonesia still faces many problems, such as duplicate certificates, document fraud, and slow administrative processes. These problems reduce trust and create conflicts between landowners. This research aims to develop a blockchain-based decentralized application (DApp) that uses Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) for managing land certificates. The goal is to improve the security, transparency, and efficiency of the land registration process. The system was built using smart contracts on the Ethereum blockchain. Each land certificate is represented as a unique NFT and contains metadata stored using the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). Key features of the system include certificate issuance (minting), ownership transfer, and verification of land certificates. All transactions are recorded on the blockchain to ensure that the data cannot be changed or deleted. The result shows that the system can solve some key problems in the current land registration process. By using NFTs and smart contracts, land ownership becomes more secure and transparent. However, the system still has limitations, such as the lack of legal integration and user authentication. In the future, this system can be expanded to connect with national identity services and geographic data tools to support wider use in Indonesia.