EFEK PENAMBAHAN LIMBAH ABU BATU SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BAHAN PENYUSUN BATAKO-KAIT UNTUK BANGUNAN TAHAN GEMPA

Abstract

About 200 million years ago, the earth was a single land. This land moves into all directions and in a long period of time it develops crack and creates a smaller land. This phenomena creates a tectonic plate around the land. These movement delivers a lot of frictions and compressions into the earth crust. This friction is like an energy, which gets stored in the deepest part of the earth and anytime the energy can be released all over the earth causing an earthquake. Basically an earthquake does not kill people but the vibration in the soil surface causes damaged some infrastructure and buildings. The non-engineered building damage is mostly located in the masonry wall. Based on that problems, the researchers have started reducing damage effects on the masonry wall due to the earthquake load. This research investigates an interlocking concrete-block innovation used for a masonry wall material. The interlocking concrete-block was made with a unique shape, so that it can resist in-plane and out of plane load directions. The purpose of interlocking concrete-block innovation is used as a masonry wall alternative for earthquake resistant building. The main materials of interlocking concrete block consist of Portland cement, sand, stone ash, and water utilizing a composition of 1 : 8 : 1 (cement : sand : stone ash). The use of stone ash is to increase the density of concrete-block and to reduce its unit weight of material producing smooth surface of the concrete-block. The result shows that the maximum shear-bending strength in-plane direction is 1,630 MPa, whilst the maximum strength of shear-bending, pure shear, and vertical shear have reached about 0,954 MPa, 3,429 MPa, and 0,876 MPa, respectively. In addition to the result test, the average shear strength of sample-I3TI and the average bending strength of sample-I2TI for the in-plane direction are 4,008 MPa and 21,294 MPa, respectively. Furthermore, the average shear strength of sample-I2TO and the average bending strength of sample-I3TO for the out of plane direction are 0,165 MPa and 2,101 MPa, respectively. It is noted that the interlocking concrete-block with a composition of 1 : 8 (cement : sand) has produced higher strengths compared to the composition of 1 : 8 : 1 (cement : sand : stone ash). The unit weight of interlocking concrete-block with additional stone ash, however, is lesser than the concrete-block without adding stone ash.