Analisis Temporal Pengaruh Variasi Curah Hujan Di Kawasan Urban Terhadap Kualitas Air Sungai (Studi Kasus: Sungai Code, Kota Yogyakarta)

Abstract

The Code River, located in Southeast Asia's Indonesia, is influenced by shifting rainfall patterns due to climate change. Climate change impacts the behavior of monsoon winds across the Southeast Asian region, leading to alterations in rainfall patterns characterized by increased frequency and severity of extreme weather events and uneven distribution of rainfall. Surface runoff from rain affects river quality, hence higher rainfall increases the potential for pollutant transport into river flows. This study analyzes the impact of rainfall on the water quality of the river based on physical, chemical, and biological parameters uisng statistical correlation methode. The analysis was conducted over three years from 2020 to 2022 using rainfall data from Stasiun Klimatologi Yogyakarta and water quality data of the Code River obtained from Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Yogyakarta. The results show that rainfall significantly affects the physical quality of river water, correlating positively with a moderately strong relationship (r = 0,4 - 0,5) for the Total Suspended Solids (TSS) parameter. Furthermore, rainfall significantly affects the chemical quality of river water, including DO parameters which positively correlated at moderately strong to strong relationship (r = 0,4 - 0,6) and concentrations of Nitrite and Nitrate in the river, with a negative correlation at a moderately strong to strong relationship (r = 0,4 – 0,6). Additionally, rainfall has a significant impact on Total Coliform levels in the river. Rainfall correlates positively with the levels of Total Coliform in the river at a strong relationship (r = 0,5 - 0,6).