Uji Efektifitas Minyak Atsiri Daun Sereh Wangi Lenabatu (Cymbopogon Nardus L.) Sebagai Penghambat Pertumbuhan Jamur Kerak (Lichenes) Pada Cagar Budaya Batu

Abstract

This research has been conducted to examine the effectivity of Cymbopogon nardus L to eradicate lichenes on stone cultural heritages. The oil was resulted from steam and water distillations. The method used in this research was analyzing the physic samples, i.e. density, refractive index, and heavy metal content of Pb, Cd, and Cr (using the atomic absorption spectrophotometry) and the chemical component (using Gass Chromatography—Mass Spectroscopy). The result indicated that physical characteristic of essential oil had refractive index of 1,469 and density of 0,8846 gr/mL. The analysis on Pb, Cd, and Cr heavy metals indicated that those metal were not detected, eventhough there existed 6,093 mg/kg of Cr. The chemical component analysis indicated the existence of 20 compound components which had five main components, i.e. Citronella 47,30%, β-citronellol 16,05%, Trans-Geraniol 12,98%, Lynalil Acetate 4,91%, and Trans- Caryophyllene 4,70%. The Cymbopogon nardus L was applied into some stone cultural heritages which had concentration variations as follows: 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%. The antifungi activities which were resulted from lichens isolation process indicated a prevention of fungi growth. Those results could be found in diametrical zone of oil concentrations of 1%; 5%; 10%; 15% ; 20%; 25% respectively, which were as much as 0 mm; 6 mm; 12 mm; 18 mm; 29 mm and 33 mm. The observations were then continued to lichens growth on he stone surface using the Mass Electron Scanning. The analysis showed that higher concentration of Cymbopogon nardus L were more effective to inhibit the growth of fungi on Lichenes.