Toksisitas Akut Ekstrak Etanolik Daun Bayam Merah (Amaranthus Tricolor L.) Terstandar dengan Pedoman Oecd 425 Serta Gambaran Histopatologis Ginjal, Hati, dan Jantung Tikus Sprague Dawley Betina

Abstract

Red spinach (Amaranthhus tricolor Linn.) is one of the plants utilized by the community for traditional therapy ingredient, yet research on this standarized red spinach extract is still unavailable. The aim of this research is to determine the safety level of standarized red spinach extract through acute toxicity test on Sprague Dawley female rats by applying Up And Down Procedure (OECD 425). The animals were divided into a control group (distilled water) and the treatment group (extract dose 2000mg/kgBW). All rats were observed individually to apprehend signs of toxicity for 14 days, sample’s mortality number, alterations on hepar, renal and heart histopathology. The result of limit test showed that LD50 value of red spinach extract was over 2000 mg/kgBW. LD50 value over 2000 mg/kgBB are category 5 (unclassified) and slightly toxic. Observations result of administration of red spinach extract at dose 2000 mg/kgBB showed no mortality, no toxic symptoms and does not affect body weight in female rats (p≥0,05). Histopathological study showed that there was no change on kidney, liver, and heart animals’s organ compared to the normal control. According to Loomis clasification, the ethanolic extract of red spinach has slightly toxicity.