Mikroenkapsulasi Minyak Atsiri Daun Cengkeh Menggunakan Penyalut Gelatin dan Maltodextrin dengan Proses Freeze Drying

Abstract

Microencapsulation of core substances by clove leaf oil using coating mixed material of maltodextrin and gelatin with aquadest as a solvent has been done. Emulsification of these materials was performed by dispersing at a rate of 15,000 rpm for 30 minutes. Formulations ratio of coating material (maltodextrin and gelatin) were (2:1), (1:1) and (1:2), respectively, with a total mass of 30 grams of capsule, 10 mL of essential oil and 150 mL aquadest. The emulsion formed dried with freeze drying process. Furthermore, the dried product analyzed by the size of the encapsulated, morphological, and essential oil compound particles before and after encapsulation. The results showed that the sample with the coating material composition (1:1) as the selected product with the dry freeze drying results among other coating concentrations. Measurement of particle diameter using Particle Size Analyzer (PSA) showed that the average particle diameter of 761.1 nm with a PI value of 0.064. The morphology of the microencapsulate sample using Scanning Electron Microscopy obtained granules with a uniformly distributed spherical distribution indicating that the possibility of the core substances in the volatile oil might be overlaid by the encapsulation material. The compound content of the microencapsulate product shows the similarity of the main compound content in the essential oil of pure clove leaf, that is eugenol, caryophyllene, humullene, and caryophylene oxide.