The Representation of Poverty in Shoplifters (2018) and Rosie (2018) – A Comparative Semiotic Analysis

Abstract

This study examines the representation of poverty in two contemporary films: "Shoplifters" (2018) by Hirokazu Kore-Eda and "Rosie" (2018) by Paddy Breathnach. Using Peirce's semiotic theory and Hall’s representation theory as an analytical framework, the research explores how these films depict poverty in Japan and Ireland, respectively, despite both nations being considered developed countries. The study employs a qualitative approach to analyze the films’ portrayal of poverty through the lens of the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI), focusing on health, education, and standard of living. Findings reveal that while both films address poverty, they present distinct narratives: "Shoplifters" emphasizes physical health challenges and informal education in a substandard living environment, whereas "Rosie" highlights the mental health impacts of homelessness and its disruption to formal education. The analysis demonstrates how cinema can serve as a powerful medium for social commentary, offering nuanced representations of poverty beyond mere financial deprivation. This research contributes to the broader understanding of poverty representation in film and underscores the medium's potential for raising awareness about complex social issues. The study concludes that these cinematic portrayals provide complementary perspectives on the multifaceted nature of poverty, illustrating its pervasive effects on various aspects of human life in seemingly prosperous nations.