Potential Drug-Drug Interaction and Actual Adverse Event in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Indonesia often occurs in elderly (geriatric) patients with various complications that cause polypharmacy which can increase the risk of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). This study aimed to determine the incidence of DDIs and actual adverse events in geriatric patients with CKD. This was a descriptive study where the samples were collected retrospectively from medical record of the patients admitted in one tertiary care hospital in Jakarta. Potential drug interaction was screened electronically using a drug interaction checker (drugs.com) and manually by Drug Interaction Fact 2014. A total of 699 potential DDIs were detected from 135 patients from one-year study period. The incidence of DDIs was 92.60% with 5.01% actual adverse event detected due to DDIs. Pharmacodynamic interactions accounted for 46.64% with the most significant level at a moderate level (59.37%). In conclusion, The prevalence of DDIs in geriatric patients with CKD was found high and major level of significance adverse event hyperkalemia was found caused by the DDIs.