Gambaran Klinik dan Tatalaksana Melasma : A Scoping Review

Abstract

Background: Melasma is a symmetrical hyperpigmentation on the face that affects the dermis and epidermis. There are three clinical features of melasma, namely centrofacial, malar and mandibular. In general, mechanism of melasma treatment is to inhibit pigment production and inhibit the transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes. Until now there is still no melasma treatment that fully satisfies both patients and clinicians. This review aims to collect the clinical features and management of melasma Method: TThe data for this review were obtained through databases like PubMed, Sciencedirect, EBSCOhost, National Library of Indonesia e-Journal, and Google Scholar. The journal publication year is limited to at least 2017. The keywords used in the search are (“Melasma” OR “Chloasma Faciei”) AND (“Treatment” OR “Management”). The inclusion criteria used are articles or journals covering clinical types of melasma and their management, research published in 2017 - 2023, articles are original articles, journals are written in English or Indonesian, research subjects are humans, there are clinical types of melasma in subject characteristics, and research using MASI as parameter. Article extraction is using PRISMA-ScR algorithm. Results : Nine articles containing clinical descriptions of melasma, management of melasma, results of melasma treatment, and side effects of treatment were extracted. The most common clinical presentation of melasma is malar followed by centrofacial and mandibular. Treatment can be carried out with pharmacological, non-pharmacological, and combination treatments. Almost all melasma treatments still have side effects and high recurrence rates. Conclusions: The most common clinical feature of melasma is malar melasma. There are many types of melasma treatments but until now there has been no satisfactory treatment.