Studi Perbandingan Metode Istinbāṭ Hukum Islam Nahdlatul Ulama Dan Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia

Abstract

Indonesia is a pluralistic and religious country mostly populated by Muslims. However, it does not mean that Indonesia is an Islamic country. It cannot be denied that the greater number of followers of Islamic teachings in a country has led to the establishment of more diverse religious organizations, as occurred in Indonesia. Many Islamic organizations have emerged in Indonesia with diverse ideologies and methodologies of Islamic law istinbāṭ. This can be seen from many issues between mainstream Islamic organizations and non-mainstream Islamic organizations in terms of the concept of formal implementation of Islamic sharia in the nation and state in Indonesia in which in this case Nahdlatul Ulama is as a mainstream Islamic organization and Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia is as a non- mainstream Islamic organization. This is a library qualitative research with an aim to analyze the methodology of the legal istinbāṭ of Nahdlatul Ulama and Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia, factors behind the concept of the legal istinbāṭ method of the two organizations. This study used a normative and historical-sociological approach with descriptive analysis method. The result of this research showed a number of legal istinbāṭ methods used in stages by Nahdlatul Ulama in Bahtsul Masail, including Qauli, ilhaqy, and manhajy. However, in the last decade, the istinbāṭ istiṣlāḥi method has also been used. Meanwhile, the legal istinbāṭ method used by Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia is the bayani method. The concepts in the legal istinbāṭ method of Nahdlatul Ulama and Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia have been motivated by two factors: internal factors, namely educational background of the founders or prominent figures of Nahdlatul Ulama and Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia and external factors motivated by the socio-historical condition of the establishment of Nahdlatul Ulama and Majelis Mujahidin Indonesia.